3.18b Genotypes

3.18a Phenotypes

3.2 Fertilisation

The Process - 
Male diploid cell (2n, 46 complete set of chromosomes) >   meiosis    >  produces sperm, half set of chromosomes/ haploid (n = 23)

Female diploid cell (2n)  >  meiosis  > produces egg, haploid (n)



Fertilization - 
egg cell + sperm cell  ( n+n = 2n   23+23 = 46 )   >

zygote   ( 1/2 male and 1/2 female chromosomes)     >

The zygote doubles (mitosis) over and over again till it forms the embryo

Fertilization > Zygote > Embryo 

3.9b Female Reproductive System

Ovary -  meiosis (production of eggs)
Oviducts - carries egg to the uterus / place of fertilization
Uterus Wall - contracts during pregnancy (muscle)
Lining of Uterus - egg > embryo > child / place of placenta
Uterus Space - where babies develop
Cervix - entrance to uterus
Vagina - entrance for sperm cells ( > Uterus)

3.9a Male Reproductive System

Bladder - stores urine
Testis - Meiosis (produces gamete - sperm cells)
Epidiymis - stores sperm cells
Vasdeferens - carries sperm cells (walls contract) to the penis
Prostate - 20/30% producer of semen (sugars/alkali's)
Seminal Vesicles - 70% producers of semen

Urethra - carries semen to the penis
                 carries urine to its 'exit'
Penis -  carries semen into vagina during sexual intercourse

3.12 Amniotic Fluid

- primarily composed of water

Protects the developing fetus
- fluid cannot be compressed
- absorbs the force of any blow or impact (to the outside wall of the uterus.)

3.11 Placenta

- located on one side of the uterus wall
- a water filled environment, amniotic fluids

- grows out of the developing fetus (the placenta's blood vessels are the child's blood vessels)

- the mothers blood stream (glucose, amino acids - through digestion) travel through the wall of the uterus and into the child via the placenta

- has a large surface area & thin walls